Thursday, July 30, 2020

Fake News: What does a label really mean?


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Donald Trump’s idiotic brag about how well he did on a cognitive test (“Person. Woman. Man. Camera. TV.”) set to Daft Punk’s Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger.



Outrageous claims about Dr. Fauci should never see the light of day on Sinclair Broadcast


Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Dr. Anthony Fauci. (Al Drago/Pool via AP)

Maybe the outrage worked. For now.

Last week, word leaked — thanks to a report by Media Matters — that local TV stations owned by the Sinclair Broadcast Group were set to run an absolutely ridiculous conspiracy theory: that Dr. Anthony Fauci was responsible for the creation of the coronavirus. It was supposed to be a segment during “America This Week,” a show hosted by former Fox News personality Eric Bolling.

The segment featured an interview with Judy Mikovits, who was previously part of a controversial video that attacked Fauci and was banned by Twitter and Facebook. During the planned “America This Week” segment, Mikovits said that Fauci had “manufactured” the virus and then shipped it to Wuhan, China. The banner on the screen read, “Did Dr. Fauci Create COVID-19?”

Just think how absurd that charge is. Just think how ludicrous such a question on the bottom of the screen is. Yet, we can’t just dismiss it as crazy talk because Fauci recently said on a podcast that he and his family have been the target of death threats because of his findings and advice on the coronavirus. Fauci told CNN commentator David Axelrod, “I mean, really, is this the United States of America?”

Pushback in media circles and beyond was so loud and vast that Sinclair pulled the segment for this past weekend. However, the segment has not been killed entirely. The Associated Press’ David Bauder writes, “Sinclair hopes to add context and other viewpoints and still air the controversial segment on next week’s edition of ‘America This Week.’”

Bolling told CNN’s Oliver Darcy in a text exchange that he invited Mikovits on his show to “question and challenge her beliefs.” He told Darcy that he does not control on-air graphics and that he did challenge Mikovits, saying he called her claim “hefty.”

Hefty? How about calling it an outright preposterous lie? Bolling followed up his segment with Mikovits by interviewing Fox News contributor Dr. Nicole Saphier, who said Fauci was “in no way, shape or form” involved in the manufacture of the coronavirus.

“Frankly, I was shocked when (Mikovits) made the accusation," Bolling told Darcy. “I asked our producers to add Saphier to the show for the express purpose of debunking the conspiracy theory. I believe viewers see that I did not and do not endorse her theory.”

How about instead of adding a person to debunk an obviously ridiculous theory, you don’t air the ridiculous theory to begin with?

Sinclair owns stations in 81 markets and is widely considered to have a right-leaning philosophy. To run a conspiracy theory that has no basis in fact or reality isn’t a matter of free speech, it’s irresponsible journalism. If Mikovits wants to shout from her rooftop, she can. But Sinclair shouldn’t be handing her a megaphone.

He said what?

QAnon is a group of pro-Trump, far-right conspiracy theorists who promote things so wacky and dangerous that the FBI has labeled them a domestic terrorist threat. Last week, Twitter permanently banned thousands associated with QAnon.

And yet that same group was defended by a Fox News host over the weekend. Jesse Watters, a co-host on “The Five,” went on his own show — “Watters’ World” — on Saturday and complimented QAnon during an interview with Eric Trump. Watters was asking about Twitter’s ban of QAnon and whether it was interfering in the election by banning a group that, as The Daily Beast’s Allison Quinn writes, “claim(s) Democrats, Trump critics, and many influential figures are Satanic child sex traffickers and cannibals.” 

Watters said, “Q can do some crazy stuff, with the pizza stuff, and the Wayfair stuff, but they’ve also uncovered a lot of great stuff when it comes to (Jeffrey) Epstein and it comes to the deep state. I never saw Q as dangerous as antifa.”

First off, “the pizza stuff?” It was more than “stuff.” Lives of pizza parlor workers in Washington, D.C., were threatened and a man shot up that parlor because he believed Hillary Clinton and Democrats were running a child sex trafficking ring out of the parlor’s basement. That’s hardly the only controversy QAnon has been associated with.

And what about all this “great stuff” that it has uncovered about Epstein?  What in the world is he talking about?

Julie K. Brown, the Miami Herald reporter who has won awards for her coverage of the Epstein story and has done as much work on that story as anyone, tweeted, “I know of nothing that QAnon Has ‘uncovered’ about Jeffrey Epstein.”

Late Sunday night, New York magazine and HuffPost contributor Yashar Ali tweeted a statement from Watters in which Watters said: “While discussing the double standard of big tech censorship, I mentioned the conspiracy group QAnon, which I don’t support or believe in. My comments should not be mistaken for giving credence to this fringe platform.”

It’s easy to mistake Watters for giving credence because that’s actually what he did. He gave it credit for doing a lot of “great stuff.” Even Fox News’s Emily DeCiccio has written QAnon centers on beliefs that are “baseless.” Watters' comments were irresponsible. Let’s see if Fox News does anything about it.

Dodging trouble

If you missed it, wow, quite the story from Poynter business analyst Rick Edmonds over the weekend about McClatchy being sold to hedge fund Chatham Asset Management. We’ll see how this all plays out under Chatham, but it looks like McClatchy is lucky that it wasn’t sold to Alden Global Capital. Edmonds reports that, according to a filing, Alden would have cut roughly 1,000 of 2,800 jobs.

Edmonds wrote, “Chatham has pledged to keep open all 30 papers, which include the Miami Herald and The Sacramento Bee. It will offer the existing workforce continued employment at their current base salaries, while also honoring collective bargaining contracts. Alden was not guaranteeing any of that, according to McClatchy’s filing.”

Anthem controversy


Minnesota Lynx players lock arms during a moment of silence in honor of Breonna Taylor before a WNBA basketball game on Sunday. (AP Photo/Phelan M. Ebenhack)

The official ESPN Twitter account sent out a tweet Saturday that showed WNBA players walking off the court. It happened, according to the tweet,  “as the national anthem was being played.” The tweet went viral.

One problem: The description wasn’t accurate. ESPN’s Holly Rowe, who was actually in the building, tweeted: “This is not accurate. The teams decided to respectfully stay in the locker room for the anthem. This is not an accurate representation of what happened. As you can hear the anthem was NOT playing.”

ESPN later tweeted out a correction, but that came more than 11 hours after the original tweet.

Now, you might say what’s the difference? The players chose to protest while the anthem played. But there clearly is a difference between staying in the locker room while the anthem is being played and walking away while the anthem is being played.

Woj speaks

Speaking of ESPN, NBA reporter Adrian Wojnarowski is back on the job after serving a two-week suspension for a NSFW two-word email he sent to Sen. Josh Hawley (R-Mo). The reporter known as “Woj” was responding to a letter Hawley sent to NBA commissioner Adam Silver questioning the NBA’s relationship with China.

I still think it was kind of weak for Hawley to go public with Wojnarowski’s email. And I think it would have been great if ESPN stood behind their guy despite his use of vulgar language. For me, this fell under the category of “What’s the big deal?”

For his part, Wojnarowski told the New York Post’s Andrew Marchand, “I regretted sending that email. I have not made a habit of doing that, but I sent that one and I regret it.”

He added he understood why he was suspended, saying, “I left them no choice. You can’t do what I did and not expect there to be consequences.”

The Post settles lawsuit with family of Kentucky teenager

Remember last year’s controversy of a Kentucky teenager in a Make America Great Again hat and a Native American elder in a confrontation in Washington D.C.? The family of the teenager filed lawsuits against several media outlets claiming their coverage was defamatory. Among those outlets sued were CNN, The Washington Post, The New York Times, Gannett, Rolling Stone, ABC and CBS. CNN settled with the family in January. Now, the Post has settled, although as part of the settlement, the paper admitted no wrongdoing. Neither side, according to the Post’s Paul Farhi, divulged the terms of the settlement.

The controversy centered on reports that the teenager, Nicholas Sandmann, who was 16 at the time, blocked the path of the Native American elder. But Sandmann said he meant no disrespect and denied blocking the elder’s path.

The family’s suit said the Post “targeted and bullied” Sandmann because he was white and wearing a MAGA hat and that the paper wanted to embarrass President Donald Trump. The Post denied those allegations and has maintained its coverage was fair and accurate.

John Lewis’ trip


The casket of Rep. John Lewis moves over the Edmund Pettus Bridge by horse-drawn carriage during a memorial service for Lewis on Sunday. (AP Photo/John Bazemore)

Sunday was a special day as the late John Lewis took his final trip over the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, for the final time — more than 55 years after his march there to protest for voting rights resulted in him being beaten by state and local police.

On Sunday’s “Face the Nation” on CBS, longtime journalist Bob Schieffer recalled walking across the bridge with Lewis in 2015 to remember the 50th anniversary of what was known as Bloody Sunday. Schieffer said, “It was one of the most amazing experiences I’ve had in all my years at CBS.”

On Fox News, contributor Donna Brazile said, “He was humble, grateful, and when I went up to work on Capitol Hill, Mr. Lewis always invited us over to the Cannon Building, he would always have those Georgia peanuts, of course, a Coca-Cola, and he was just one of the best. … He will be remembered for never, ever leaving the call of justice. He will be remembered for fighting for freedom for voting rights for all. He will be remembered as a kind soul, a man who just believed in God and had the faith of his people and of his country to turn a corner toward justice, and so thank you, John Lewis, thank you for your service, thank you for your sacrifice.”

More coverage will continue today, including on NBC. “NBC Nightly News” anchor Lester Holt and Andrea Mitchell will anchor a special report beginning at 11 a.m. Eastern as Lewis arrives in Washington, D.C. The procession is expected to pass by the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial, Lincoln Memorial, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, and Black Lives Matter Plaza. Craig Melvin will anchor special coverage on MSNBC at 11 a.m.

Over at Fox News, Harris Faulkner and Chris Wallace will anchor special coverage, also beginning at 11 a.m.

Hot type

Have feedback or a tip? Email Poynter senior media writer Tom Jones at tjones@poynter.org.

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What does a label really mean?

This week, Facebook attached “Get Voting Information” links to posts by both President Donald Trump and former Vice President Joe Biden as part of its larger push to promote accurate election information on the platform. These additions come two months after Twitter attached a similar label to one of Trump’s tweets, which some at the time characterized as an attempt to fact-check the president.

In June, CEO Mark Zuckerberg announced politicians would not be exempt from this new labeling policy, and that the company was committed to fighting voter suppression on its platform. However, this latest attempt has raised questions about the effects of the labels and how users will perceive them. Here are three to consider:

1) Will users know the difference between a label and a fact-check?

We can't say it enough: A label is not a fact-check. Twitter said as much when it applied a label to the Trump tweet in May. Susan discussed this in the May 28 edition of Factually, and predicted more fights to come over these labels. The question is how users will see the Facebook labels. Even though they’re not fact-checks, will they inadvertently send a signal that the content is questionable?

Perhaps not. Facebook's users are already exposed to fact-checks produced by members of its Third-Party Fact-Checking Program. Posts reviewed by fact-checkers are given one of nine labels along with an explanation of why the post was fact-checked. (Disclosure: Facebook requires its fact-checking partners to be signatories to the International Fact-Checking Network’s Code of Principles before they can work with the company. You can read about the whole process here.)

2) Alternatively, will the labels seem like endorsements of the content being labeled?  

Among people who expressed that concern are election law expert Rick Hasen, a professor of law and political science at the University of California, Irvine.

“This warning seems pretty useless,” Hasen tweeted. “It might even seem that Facebook is endorsing what Trump is saying and providing a path for more information.”

Facebook contends its only goal is to increase participation by helping its users register to vote in the upcoming elections.

3) Will Facebook’s labeling be consistent?

Already there are battles brewing over whether Facebook will apply the labels consistently. Members of the Biden campaign have taken issue with the Facebook label. They argue Trump’s post falsely asserts there will be rampant fraud with mail-in voting, yet it is given the same label as a Biden post urging his supporters to vote against the president in November. However, Zuckerberg has argued speech by politicians, whether said on Facebook or disseminated in the news media, deserves to be debated by the public, and he has resisted calls to remove false political claims.

Right now, the voting label is being applied equally to all posts that mention voting as a way to encourage people to get more information about casting their ballots. In his June blog post, Zuckerberg promised Facebook will take down any false claims to discourage voting, adding politicians will not be exempt. 

– Harrison Mantas, IFCN

 

. . . technology

  • Twitter Tuesday said it was taking down accounts associated with the conspiracy theory QAnon as part of enforcement action against “behavior that has the potential to lead to offline harm.”
    • NBC News’ Ben Collins and Brandy Zadrozny reported that a Twitter spokesperson said it had taken down more than 7,000 QAnon accounts and that the company’s decision to stop recommending content and accounts related to QAnon would affect about 150,000 accounts.
  • Last week’s Twitter hack, a bitcoin scam, provoked a lot of concern among experts about potentially more catastrophic scenarios involving disinformation. 
    • “What if the hackers had been seeking not profit, but conflict? What if, rather than tweeting a crude bitcoin hoax, they had tried to provoke war?” wrote Heather Williams, a lecturer in defense studies at King’s College London, in The Washington Post.
    • CNET quoted Joan Donovan, the research director at Harvard’s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy as saying that the hack should make people question everything on Twitter.

. . . politics

  • The UK government “badly underestimated” Russia’s ability to sow disinformation, according to a new report from the Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament, the BBC reported
    • The BBC quoted a member of the committee as saying that the government “took its eye off the ball, because of its focus on counterterrorism,” and that "the government had badly underestimated the response required to the Russian threat, and is still playing catch up."

. . . science and health

  • Facebook said it has removed a group called “Unmasking America,” which The Verge reported was one of the largest anti-mask groups on the social media platform. 
    • The Verge’s Kim Lyons wrote that the group’s page included photos of people wearing masks that said “Make America Great Again” and other slogans or references to President Trump.
    • “Other posts described experiences dealing with stores that require masks, and many posters asked how to claim an ‘exemption’ from mask rules,” Lyons wrote.
  • The Christian Science Monitor profiled a doctor in Burkina Faso who is battling coronavirus misinformation with a radio show and a group of volunteers going door to door.

There is no billboard sponsored by the pharmaceutical company Merck urging people to get a vaccine if they are “tired of mask idiocy and social distancing.” And there is no “Taketheshot.gov” website.

AFP fact-checker Claire Savage debunked the photo, which doesn’t use the words coronavirus or COVID-19, but is nonetheless designed to suggest that the pharmaceutical industry is circulating propaganda to convince people to get a vaccine against the virus (even before it is available).

The “billboard” photo is amateurish, but that hasn’t stopped it from being circulated. It has made the rounds on Facebook since early July. Savage found examples in the United States and Canada and noted that even the prominent anti-vaxxer Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. shared it on Instagram, though he voiced doubt that it was real.

What we liked: Savage’s sleuthing made this fact-check work. Through a reverse image search she found stock art of a fake blank billboard that the hoaxers used for their handiwork. She also tracked down clipart of a cartoonish doctor used in the image, and she confirmed with Merck officials that the billboard wasn’t real.

– Susan Benkelman, API

  1. Here is a service for reporters and others tracking COVID-19 data. ProPublica’s Caroline Chen and Ash Ng have put together a helpful explainer on how to read case counts, hospitalization data and other numbers associated with the virus. 
  2. The CEOs of Facebook, Apple, Amazon and Google will testify before a House subcommittee Monday. Antitrust and market dominance are the main topics, but as Axios reported, lawmakers “are sure to press the platforms on how they’re controlling misinformation on both paid advertisements and people’s posts online.”
  3. More than 280 staffers at The Wall Street Journal and Dow Jones have called for a clearer distinction between news and opinion content online, the Journal reported, saying the opinion section’s “lack of fact-checking and transparency, and its apparent disregard for evidence” is undermining reader trust.
  4. The Los Angeles Times reported that celebrities including Jennifer Aniston and John Oliver are promoting mask-wearing and fighting conspiracy theories about COVID-19. 
  5. Are you a reporter covering QAnon? Here are some tips from Susan for newsroom discussions on how to handle politicians who promote conspiracy theories.

via Harrison and Susan